As a unique natural phenolic polymer, lignin presents a multitude of opportunities to be developed into a sustainable replacement for many functional materials. One of the most common ways to functionalize lignin is by converting it into lignin nanoparticles (LNPs), which allows the tailoring of their surface properties. Such conversion opens up the avenue towards using them in applications where surface properties are highly relevant, for example as Pickering emulsifiers. However, it is well-known that the solubility of lignin is pH-dependent; particularly, it aggregates at low pH, which could prevent its application in acidic emulsions commonly found in the food sector.In this study, we modified the surface of LNPs with galactoglucomannans (GGM) from spruce wood by both physisorption and enzymatically-assisted chemisorption in an attempt to enhance its stability in acidic conditions. We compared the pH-stability and interfacial properties of GGM-coated LNPs made from either softwood or hardwood lignin through a combination of various characterization techniques, including, but not limited to, dynamic light scattering, optical tensiometry, atomic force microscopy, etc. Finally, we compared their performance as emulsifiers for various oil-in-water emulsion systems, comparing both dilute and high internal phase emulsions. Our combination of lignin and hemicelluloses, both side streams from the pulp and paper industry, could further encourage the complete use of wood biomass into high-value products. Moreover, our results contribute to expanding the toolbox for advanced surface modification of lignin, potentially making it more adaptable for a broader range of products and applications.
WWSC is a joint research center between KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology and Linköping University. The base is a donation from the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation. The Swedish industry is supporting WWSC via the platform Treesearch.
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Email: conference2025@wwsc.se